str_shuffle是 php 标准库中的一个函数, 用于随机打乱一个字符串中的所有字符, 并返回打乱后的字符串。它的函数原型如下 :
<span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">string</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">str_shuffle</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">string</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$string</span></span><span>)
</span></span>
传入的$ String参数为原始字符串 参数为原始字符串, 函数返回打乱后的新字符串。
下面是一个简单的使用示例 :
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$original</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'abcdef123456'</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$shuffled</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">str_shuffle</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$original</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$shuffled</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>
运行上面的代码 运行上面的代码, 你会看到一个字母和数字顺序被打乱后的结果, 比如 : 3e5d6abf241c 。每次运行的结果都有可能不同。
通常我们希望不仅仅是对静态字符串打乱 通常我们希望不仅仅是对静态字符串打乱, 而是动态生成字符串后再打乱, 比如生成一个包含数字和字母的随机密码 :
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$length</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-number">10</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$chars</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789'</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$shuffled</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">str_shuffle</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$chars</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$password</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">substr</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$shuffled</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$length</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$password</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>
"
虽然str_shuffle _ _ _ , 但在某些场景下你可能需要更灵活的方式来打乱数据, 比如 :
打乱数组元素顺序: 可以使用Shuffle ()函数。
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">str_split</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'abcdef123456'</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">shuffle</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$shuffled</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">implode</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">''</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$shuffled</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>
使用自定义规则打乱: 你可以设计自己的打乱逻辑 你可以设计自己的打乱逻辑, 比如限制打乱顺序、固定某些字符位置等。
在 url 中嵌入打乱逻辑: 有时候你可能希望生成一个打乱后的短链或识别码 有时候你可能希望生成一个打乱后的短链或识别码 : 比如 :
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$id</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">str_shuffle</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'ABC123XYZ'</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$url</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'https://gitbox.net/u/'</span></span><span> . </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$id</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$url</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>
https://gitbox.net/u/zc3x1yba2的 url, 用于唯一识别某个用户或资源。
str_shuffle使用的是rand ()函数 函数 函数, 因此在安全敏感场合不推荐使用, 比如密码生成、加密令牌等。
若需更安全的随机打乱操作 若需更安全的随机打乱操作random_int ()
对于多字节字符) (如中文 (), str_shuffle不支持 不支持, 应先转为数组再打乱。