用preg_match函數驗證手機號格式：詳細正則表達式寫法和示例

<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 本文將介紹如何使用PHP中的preg_match函數來驗證手機號格式。</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 我們會提供詳細的正則表達式解析和實際示例，幫助你理解和應用。</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// --------------------------------------------------------------</span></span><span>

</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
<h1>用preg_match函數驗證手機號格式：詳細正則表達式寫法和示例</h1>

<p>在Web開發中，用戶註冊、信息填寫等場景經常需要對手機號進行格式校驗。PHP中可以使用<strong>preg_match</strong>函數結合<strong>正則表達式</strong>來完成這一功能。本文將詳細介紹如何使用preg_match函數驗證中國大陸的手機號格式。</p>

<h2></span><span><span class="hljs-number">1</span></span><span>. preg_match函數簡介</h2>
<p>preg_match是PHP中用于正則表達式匹配的函数，其語法如下：</p>

<pre><code></span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">preg_match</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">string</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$pattern</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">string</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$subject</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">array</span></span><span> &</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$matches</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-literal">null</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$flags</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>)

其中：

• $pattern ：要匹配的正則表達式
• $subject ：要搜索的字符串
• $matches ：如果提供，將填充所有匹配的結果

2 . 中國大陸手機號格式

中國大陸的手機號一般為11位，以1開頭，第二位數字通常為3 - 9 。具體規則如下：

• 第1位為1
• 第2位為3 - 9之間的任意數字
• 後面9位為0 - 9的數字

根據這個規則，可以寫出如下正則表達式：

 <span class="fun">/^</span><span><span class="hljs-number">1</span></span><span>[</span><span><span class="hljs-number">3</span></span><span>-</span><span><span class="hljs-number">9</span></span><span>]\d{</span><span><span class="hljs-number">9</span></span><span>}$/</span>

3 . 示例代碼

<?php
</span><span><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span></span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title">isValidPhoneNumber</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-params"><span class="hljs-variable">$number</span></span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">return</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">preg_match</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'/^1[3-9]\d{9}$/'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$number</span></span><span>) === </span><span><span class="hljs-number">1</span></span><span>;
}

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 示例：</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$numbers</span></span><span> = [
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'13812345678'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 合法</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'19900000000'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 合法</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'12812345678'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 非法（第二位不是3-9）</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'1391234567'</span></span><span>,  </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 非法（長度不足）</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'139123456789'</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 非法（長度過長）</span></span><span>
];

</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$numbers</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">as</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$num</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">if</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">isValidPhoneNumber</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$num</span></span><span>)) {
        </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-subst">$num</span></span></span><span> 是合法的手機號\n";
    } </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">else</span></span><span> {
        </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-subst">$num</span></span></span><span> 是非法的手機號\n";
    }
}
?&gt;

4 . 正則表達式詳解

• ^ ：匹配字符串的開始
• 1 ：手機號第一位必須是1
• [ 3 - 9 ] ：手機號第二位在3 ~ 9之間
• \d{ 9 } ：後面跟9位數字（\d表示數字，{ 9 }表示重複9次）
• $ ：匹配字符串的結束

5 . 小結

使用preg_match結合合適的正則表達式可以高效地驗證手機號格式。對於常規項目，這種方式簡單、快速、準確，能有效避免非法手機號進入系統。

當然，對於更複雜的驗證需求（如結合運營商號段、國際號碼等），可以進一步優化正則表達式或使用專門的號碼庫進行校驗。