如何通过 timezone_identifiers_list 获取所有时区的 UTC 偏移量并显示？详细操作指南

gitbox 2025-06-30

在 PHP 中，我们可以通过内置的函数 timezone_identifiers_list 获取所有有效的时区标识符。这个函数返回一个包含所有时区标识符的数组。接下来，我们可以利用 DateTimeZone 类来计算每个时区的 UTC 偏移量。本文将详细讲解如何通过这些函数获取所有时区的 UTC 偏移量，并显示它们。

步骤 1：获取所有时区标识符

首先，我们需要获取所有有效的时区标识符。我们可以使用 timezone_identifiers_list() 函数来实现。该函数不接受参数，它返回一个包含所有时区标识符的数组。以下是获取时区标识符的代码：

<span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezones</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">timezone_identifiers_list</span></span><span>();
</span></span>

步骤 2：遍历时区标识符

获取到时区列表之后，我们需要遍历这些时区标识符，并为每个时区计算其 UTC 偏移量。为此，我们可以使用 DateTimeZone 类来创建一个时区对象，并利用 getOffset() 方法获取偏移量。getOffset() 方法返回一个以秒为单位的偏移量。

<span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezones</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">as</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezone</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 创建时区对象</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$tz</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title class_">DateTimeZone</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezone</span></span><span>);
    
    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 获取当前时间的 UTC 偏移量（单位：秒）</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$tz</span></span><span>-&gt;</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">getOffset</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title class_">DateTime</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">"now"</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$tz</span></span><span>));

    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 将偏移量转换为小时和分钟的格式</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_hours</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">intdiv</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">3600</span></span><span>); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 计算小时数</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_minutes</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">abs</span></span><span>((</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset</span></span><span> % </span><span><span class="hljs-number">3600</span></span><span>) / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">60</span></span><span>); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 计算分钟数</span></span><span>

    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 输出时区和偏移量</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezone</span></span><span> . </span><span><span class="hljs-string">' UTC '</span></span><span> . (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_hours</span></span><span> &gt;= </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span> ? </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'+'</span></span><span> : </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'-'</span></span><span>) . </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">abs</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_hours</span></span><span>) . </span><span><span class="hljs-string">':'</span></span><span> . </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">str_pad</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_minutes</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'0'</span></span><span>, STR_PAD_LEFT) . </span><span><span class="hljs-string">"\n"</span></span><span>;
}
</span></span>

步骤 3：格式化 UTC 偏移量

在上面的代码中，我们通过 getOffset() 获取的是 UTC 偏移量的秒数。为了更友好地展示偏移量，我们需要将其转化为小时和分钟的格式。偏移量的单位是秒，通过将其除以 3600，我们可以得出小时数；接着，通过取余数，我们可以算出分钟数。最终，我们将输出时区和对应的偏移量。

完整代码示例

<span><span><span class="hljs-meta">&lt;?php</span></span><span>

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 获取所有时区标识符</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezones</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">timezone_identifiers_list</span></span><span>();

</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezones</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">as</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezone</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 创建时区对象</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$tz</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title class_">DateTimeZone</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezone</span></span><span>);
    
    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 获取当前时间的 UTC 偏移量（单位：秒）</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$tz</span></span><span>-&gt;</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">getOffset</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title class_">DateTime</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">"now"</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$tz</span></span><span>));

    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 将偏移量转换为小时和分钟的格式</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_hours</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">intdiv</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">3600</span></span><span>); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 计算小时数</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_minutes</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">abs</span></span><span>((</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset</span></span><span> % </span><span><span class="hljs-number">3600</span></span><span>) / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">60</span></span><span>); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 计算分钟数</span></span><span>

    </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 输出时区和偏移量</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$timezone</span></span><span> . </span><span><span class="hljs-string">' UTC '</span></span><span> . (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_hours</span></span><span> &gt;= </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span> ? </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'+'</span></span><span> : </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'-'</span></span><span>) . </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">abs</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_hours</span></span><span>) . </span><span><span class="hljs-string">':'</span></span><span> . </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">str_pad</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$offset_minutes</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'0'</span></span><span>, STR_PAD_LEFT) . </span><span><span class="hljs-string">"\n"</span></span><span>;
}
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?&gt;</span></span><span>
</span></span>

输出示例

运行上述代码时，您将看到如下输出：

<span><span>Africa/Abidjan UTC +0:00
Africa/Accra UTC +0:00
Africa/Addis_Ababa UTC +3:00
Africa/Algiers UTC +1:00
Africa/Asmara UTC +3:00
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta prompt_">...</span></span><span>
Asia/Kolkata UTC +5:30
Asia/Kuala_Lumpur UTC +8:00
Asia/Kuwait UTC +3:00
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta prompt_">...</span></span><span>
</span></span>

每一行显示了一个时区及其对应的 UTC 偏移量，便于您查看各个时区的时间差异。

步骤 4：优化与注意事项

考虑夏令时：如果您希望获取某个时区在特定日期的偏移量，可以为 DateTime 对象指定具体的时间，而不是使用 new DateTime("now", $tz)。这样，您可以考虑夏令时（DST）的影响。
日期和时间的处理：getOffset() 方法返回的是相对于 UTC 时间的偏移量。通常，它对于判断时间差异非常有用，但如果涉及到日期和时间转换，您可能需要使用 DateTime 对象进行更多操作。
输出格式：本示例的输出格式是 “UTC +/- 时:分” 格式，您可以根据需要进行自定义修改，如添加日期或时区的详细信息。

总结

通过 PHP 的 timezone_identifiers_list 函数与 DateTimeZone 类，我们可以轻松获取所有时区的 UTC 偏移量。这个功能在跨时区应用和需要准确计算时间差的项目中非常实用。希望本文的详细操作指南能够帮助您更好地理解如何获取并显示时区的 UTC 偏移量。

timezone_identifiers_list