max()函数与数组映射（array_map）结合使用的最佳实践，如何提高效率？

提高效率的思路

优化的关键在于。如果我们只是为了得到最大值，并不需要完整的映射结果，就可以将逻辑写在一次循环中完成：

<span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$prices</span></span><span> = [</span><span><span class="hljs-number">1999</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2500</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">3200</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">1800</span></span><span>];

</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$maxPrice</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-literal">null</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$prices</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">as</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$p</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$converted</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$p</span></span><span> / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">100</span></span><span>;
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">if</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$maxPrice</span></span><span> === </span><span><span class="hljs-literal">null</span></span><span> || </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$converted</span></span><span> &gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$maxPrice</span></span><span>) {
        </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$maxPrice</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$converted</span></span><span>;
    }
}

</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$maxPrice</span></span><span>; </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 输出 32</span></span><span>
</span></span>

这样做避免了array_map创建新数组的过程，节省了内存，并且在大数据场景下性能会更好。

结合匿名函数与生成器

如果代码需要保留函数式风格，又想减少内存消耗，可以考虑生成器：

<span><span><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span></span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-title">convertPrices</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-params"><span class="hljs-variable">$prices</span></span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$prices</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">as</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$p</span></span><span>) {
        </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">yield</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$p</span></span><span> / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">100</span></span><span>;
    }
}

</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$prices</span></span><span> = [</span><span><span class="hljs-number">1999</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2500</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">3200</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">1800</span></span><span>];

</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$maxPrice</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">max</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">iterator_to_array</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">convertPrices</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$prices</span></span><span>)));

</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$maxPrice</span></span><span>; </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 输出 32</span></span><span>
</span></span>

虽然这里使用了iterator_to_array，但在更复杂的流式处理场景中，生成器可以避免大规模数据一次性加载进内存，具有更好的扩展性。

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  array_map