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如何避免 fgetss 导致的多语言乱码问题？实用解决方案

gitbox 2025-08-27 
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 这部分与文章内容无关，可以用来放置通用配置或注释</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 例如：定义常量、加载配置文件等</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">define</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'APP_NAME'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'多语言处理工具'</span></span><span>);
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<h1>如何避免 fgetss 导致的多语言乱码问题？实用解决方案</h1>

<p>在 PHP 中，<code></span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fgetss</span></span><span>()

2. 在 PHP 中指定正确的编码

读取内容后，可以利用 mb_convert_encoding() 将字符串转换为目标编码：

&lt;?php
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fopen</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'multilang.txt'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'r'</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">if</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">while</span></span><span> ((</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fgetss</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">4096</span></span><span>)) !== </span><span><span class="hljs-literal">false</span></span><span>) {
        </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 假设文件编码是 GBK，转为 UTF-8</span></span><span>
        </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$utf8Line</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">mb_convert_encoding</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'UTF-8'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'GBK'</span></span><span>);
        </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$utf8Line</span></span><span> . </span><span><span class="hljs-string">"&lt;br&gt;"</span></span><span>;
    }
    </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fclose</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span>);
}
?&gt;

这里 mb_convert_encoding 的第三个参数是文件的原编码，第一和第二参数分别是目标编码和输入字符串。

3. 设置页面编码

确保输出的 HTML 页面中有正确的编码声明，例如：

&lt;meta charset=</span><span><span class="hljs-string">"UTF-8"</span></span><span>&gt;

这样浏览器才能正确识别内容编码，避免显示乱码。

4. 使用 PHP 内置函数检测编码

可以用 mb_detect_encoding() 自动检测编码，避免写死编码：

&lt;?php
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fgetss</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">4096</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$encoding</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">mb_detect_encoding</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span>, [</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'UTF-8'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'GBK'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'BIG5'</span></span><span>], </span><span><span class="hljs-literal">true</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">if</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$encoding</span></span><span> !== </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'UTF-8'</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">mb_convert_encoding</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'UTF-8'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$encoding</span></span><span>);
}
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span>;
?&gt;

5. 避免使用 fgetss() 的情况

如果纯粹为过滤 HTML 标签，考虑用 fgets() 结合 strip_tags()，这样编码处理更灵活：

&lt;?php
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fopen</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'multilang.txt'</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'r'</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">if</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">while</span></span><span> ((</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fgets</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span>)) !== </span><span><span class="hljs-literal">false</span></span><span>) {
        </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">strip_tags</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span>);
        </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 编码转换处理同上</span></span><span>
        </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$line</span></span><span>;
    }
    </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">fclose</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$handle</span></span><span>);
}
?&gt;

三、总结

  • 文件和页面编码应保持一致，推荐统一使用 UTF-8。
  • 读取后用 mb_convert_encoding() 转换编码，确保字符正常显示。
  • 避免直接依赖 fgetss() 的编码假设，结合 fgets() 和 strip_tags() 以提高兼容性。
  • 页面需声明正确的编码，浏览器才能正常解析。

通过上述方法，开发者可以有效避免因 fgetss() 导致的多语言乱码问题，保证程序处理多语言文本的稳定性和可读性。

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