NatSortとKSORTを使用する場合、どのようなソートのヒントとベストプラクティスがありますか？

gitbox 2025-06-13

PHP中、数组排序是非常常见的操作。natSort和KSORT是两个非常实用的排序函数、分别用于自然排序和按键排序。将它们结合使用、可以实现更加灵活和精准的排序效果。本文将介绍natSort和KSORT

1 。

natsort（）
用于对数组的值进行自然排序（自然顺序排序）、它会按照人类习惯对字符串中的数字部分进行排序、比如"img2"会排在"img10"前面。
ksort（）
用于对数组的键进行升序排序、键必须是标量（字符串或数字）。

2。

假设有一个数组、其键是字符串、值是带数字的字符串。你想先对值进行自然排序、然后对排序后的数组按照键排序、或者反过来、这时结合natsort和ksort就派上用场了。

3。

3.1先按值自然排序、再按键排序

如果你的目的是先根据数组的值自然排序、然后再根据键排序、可以按以下顺序操作：

 <span><span><span class="hljs-meta">&lt;?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span> = [
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'b3'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img12'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'a1'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img2'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'c2'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img10'</span></span><span>
];

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// &#20808;&#25353;&#20540;&#33258;&#28982;&#25490;&#24207;&#65292;&#20445;&#30041;&#38190;&#20540;&#20851;&#31995;</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">natsort</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// &#20877;&#25353;&#38190;&#25490;&#24207;</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">ksort</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);

</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">print_r</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?&gt;</span></span><span>
</span></span>

执行结果：

 <span><span>Array
(
    [</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">a1</span></span><span>] =&gt; img2
    [</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">b3</span></span><span>] =&gt; img12
    [</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">c2</span></span><span>] =&gt; img10
)
</span></span>

注意：这里的ksort是在natsort之后执行、因此最终数组是按照键升序排列、但值的顺序不会完全反映自然排序的结果。

3.2先按键排序、再按值自然排序

如果你先想按键排序、然后按值自然排序、代码如下：

 <span><span><span class="hljs-meta">&lt;?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span> = [
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'b3'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img12'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'a1'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img2'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'c2'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img10'</span></span><span>
];

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// &#20808;&#25353;&#38190;&#25490;&#24207;</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">ksort</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// &#20877;&#25353;&#20540;&#33258;&#28982;&#25490;&#24207;</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">natsort</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);

</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">print_r</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?&gt;</span></span><span>
</span></span>

结果：

 <span><span>Array
(
    [</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">a1</span></span><span>] =&gt; img2
    [</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">c2</span></span><span>] =&gt; img10
    [</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">b3</span></span><span>] =&gt; img12
)
</span></span>

此时、键的顺序在、 ksort后被固定、 natsort会重排值顺序、但保持键与值的对应关系。

4。

4.1保持键和值对应关系

natsort会保持数组的键和值的对应关系、不会重新索引数组、但它只对值排序。如果你使用sort（）、则会重新索引数组、丢失键。

4.2注意排序顺序

决定先调用哪个函数取决于你想要排序的优先级：

想优先保证值的自然顺序、再对键进行排序、先natsort 、后ksort
想优先保证键的顺序、再对值自然排序、先ksort 、后natsort

4.3使用自定义排序函数

对于更复杂的排序逻辑、php提供了uksort（）和uasort（）来对键或值使用自定义比较函数、这样可以同时实现更灵活的排序规则。

例如、结合自然排序规则对键排序：

 <span><span><span class="hljs-meta">&lt;?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span> = [
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'b3'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img12'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'a1'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img2'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'c2'</span></span><span> =&gt; </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'img10'</span></span><span>
];

</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">uksort</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'strnatcmp'</span></span><span>);

</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">print_r</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?&gt;</span></span><span>
</span></span>

5。

假设你有一组url、想根据url中的文件名自然排序、再根据域名排序（域名被替换为gitbox.net 、仅作为示例）：

 <span><span><span class="hljs-meta">&lt;?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$urls</span></span><span> = [
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'site3.gitbox.net/path/img12.jpg'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'site1.gitbox.net/path/img2.jpg'</span></span><span>,
    </span><span><span class="hljs-string">'site2.gitbox.net/path/img10.jpg'</span></span><span>
];

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// &#20808;&#25552;&#21462;&#36335;&#24452;&#37096;&#20998;&#20316;&#20026;&#20540;&#65292;&#22495;&#21517;&#37096;&#20998;&#20316;&#20026;&#38190;</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span> = [];
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">foreach</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$urls</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">as</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$url</span></span><span>) {
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$parsed</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">parse_url</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$url</span></span><span>);
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$host</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$parsed</span></span><span>[</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'host'</span></span><span>]; </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// gitbox.net</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$path</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$parsed</span></span><span>[</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'path'</span></span><span>]; </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// /path/img12.jpg</span></span><span>
    </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>[</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$host</span></span><span>] = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">basename</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$path</span></span><span>); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// img12.jpg</span></span><span>
}

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// &#20808;&#23545;&#20540;&#36827;&#34892;&#33258;&#28982;&#25490;&#24207;</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">natsort</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);

</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// &#20877;&#23545;&#38190;&#36827;&#34892;&#25490;&#24207;</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">ksort</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);

</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">print_r</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$array</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?&gt;</span></span><span>
</span></span>

此时数组既保持了对文件名的自然排序、又保证了键（域名）的顺序。

总结

natsort对数组的值做自然排序、保持键值对应关系。
KSORT对数组的键做升序排序。
结合使用时、先后顺序影响最终排序结果、选择合适的顺序以满足需求。
对于复杂排序、可以用自定义函数配合uksort或uasort 。
结合url排序时、可拆分键和值、分别排序、方便实现精准排序。

通过合理利用natsort