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PHP Code Optimization Techniques for High Concurrency and Performance Improvement

gitbox 2025-06-29

Cache Data

When handling high concurrency, caching data is an effective way to improve system performance. Using caching technologies like Redis or Memcached can significantly reduce database queries and improve access speed.

Below is an example of using Redis for caching:


// Connect to Redis server
$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

// Check if cache exists
if ($redis->exists('data')) {
    // Retrieve data from cache
    $data = $redis->get('data');
} else {
    // Query data and store in cache
    $data = fetchDataFromDatabase();
    $redis->set('data', $data);
}

In the above code, we first check if the cache exists. If it does, the data is retrieved from the cache. If not, the data is queried from the database and stored in the cache. This reduces the number of database accesses.

Using Connection Pools

In high-concurrency applications, frequently opening and closing database connections can become a performance bottleneck. Using connection pools helps reuse existing database connections, reducing connection overhead.

Below is an example of using a connection pool:


// Create a connection pool
$pool = new ConnectionPool(function() {
    // Create database connection
    $conn = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'username', 'password');
    return $conn;
}, 10);

// Get connection from pool
$conn = $pool->getConnection();

// Perform database operations
...

// Release connection back to pool
$pool->releaseConnection($conn);

In the above code, we create a database connection pool and perform operations using a connection from the pool. After the operation, the connection is released back to the pool. This reduces the overhead of creating and destroying database connections.

Concurrency Processing

Taking full advantage of multi-core CPUs and multi-threading can greatly improve concurrency processing capability. PHP's multi-threading extension (such as pthread) or process pools can help achieve this.

Below is an example of using the pthread extension for concurrency processing:


// Create threads
$thread1 = new Thread(function() {
    // Thread 1 logic
});

$thread2 = new Thread(function() {
    // Thread 2 logic
});

// Start threads
$thread1->start();
$thread2->start();

// Wait for threads to finish
$thread1->join();
$thread2->join();

In the above code, we create two threads, each with its own task logic. By using concurrency, multiple tasks can be processed simultaneously, significantly improving the system's concurrency ability.

Conclusion

High-concurrency processing is a critical challenge in PHP development. This article introduced several common optimization techniques such as data caching, connection pool usage, and concurrency processing. By applying these techniques, you can significantly improve system response speed and concurrency capabilities. Proper use of these methods will help you achieve better performance in high-concurrency scenarios.

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